Senior Dogs: Caring for Them in Their Golden Years

Biogal Academy | Senior Dogs: Caring for Them in Their Golden Years (Brochure)

When is a dog considered “senior”?

The idea that one dog year equals seven human years is a common myth, but it’s not entirely accurate. In reality, a dog’s aging process depends on factors like breed, size, and overall health.

Veterinarians consider a dog “senior” much earlier than most pet owners do. In general, small to medium-sized dogs are “senior” around age 7, while larger breeds reach that stage as early as 5. Bigger dogs tend to age faster and have shorter lifespans, whereas smaller dogs age slower and often live longer.

 

What Changes Should I Expect?

  • Thinning and Greying Fur – A dog’s coat may become thinner and turn grey, especially around the face and muzzle.
  • Decreased Activity and Mobility – Older dogs tend to slow down, but significant stiffness or reluctance to move could be a sign of arthritis.
  • Weight Changes –
    • Weight Gain: This is common in senior dogs, however it can increase the risk of arthritis, diabetes, and heart disease. While special “senior” dog food isn’t always necessary, it can help manage weight.
    • Weight Loss: If your dog is losing weight, it may indicate an underlying health issue, so a vet visit is essential.
  • Hearing and Vision Loss – Gradual hearing and vision decline is a natural part of aging, but sudden or severe changes may signal a medical condition that requires attention.
  • Behavioural Changes – Your dog may become less playful or more irritable due to discomfort or pain. Changes in behaviour can also be linked to canine cognitive disfunction (CCD), a condition similar to Alzheimer’s in humans.
  • Dental Problems – Maintaining good dental hygiene is crucial. Regular brushing and professional cleanings can help prevent gum disease, tooth loss, and other health issues.
  • Health Problems

 

Most Common Health Issues

  • Canine Cognitive Dysfunction (CCD) – Similar to Alzheimer’s in humans, CCD progresses gradually, causing symptoms like aimless wandering, pacing, staring into space, confusion, agitation, restlessness, and increased vocalization, especially in the evenings. While there is no cure, early diagnosis and treatment can help slow its progression and improve quality of life.
  • Arthritis – This condition causes pain and stiffness, making it difficult for dogs to walk, run, or jump. Treatment options include exercise, medication, nutritional support, and complementary therapies to help manage discomfort and improve mobility.
  • Cancer – Symptoms and prognosis vary depending on the type and location of the tumor. However, early detection and treatment improve the chances of successful management and recovery.

 

Wellness Recommendations for the Senior Dog

  • Annual Physical Exam
  • Annual General Blood Test
  • Continued Preventative Treatments
  • Continued Vaccinations

 

Vaccination Protocol- Adult Dog

  • Parvovirus/Adenovirus/Distemper virus– booster at 6 or 12 months of age, then every 3 years
  • Rabies virus– Booster at 12 months of age, then every 1 or 3 years (depending on the type of vaccine)
  • Leptospira– Once a year

 

Are the Vaccination Protocols suitable for the senior dog? Not necessarily!

  • Some studies have shown that the efficiency of vaccinations may reduce in senior dogs and especially in geriatric dogs- they may need more frequent booster shots
  • Some studies have shown that dogs that have been regularly vaccinated when younger have antibodies for many years- they may need less frequent booster shots

That is why it is important to check annually if your senior dog needs his booster vaccination with VacciCheck

What is VacciCheck?

VacciCheck is a simple blood test that measures the levels of antibodies for Parvovirus, Distemper virus, and Adenovirus in our dogs.

  • If the antibody levels are sufficient- there’s no need to give a booster shot.
  • If the levels are low or there are no antibodies- a booster shot is needed.

Including VacciCheck as part of your senior dog’s yearly wellness checkup and blood test is a great way to ensure your dog is protected without over-vaccinating. This way vaccinations are given only when truly necessary.

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